Barbiturates are a class of central nervous system depressants that produce a wide range of effects, such as sedation, anxiolysis, hypnosis, and muscle relaxation. Synonyms for barbiturate include hypnotic, sedative, tranquilizer, anesthetic, soporific, and sleep-inducing drug. These terms refer to drugs that have similar actions to barbiturates and are used for similar purposes. Although barbiturates have been largely replaced by other agents due to their high risk of addiction, overdose, and abuse, some medical conditions still require the use of these drugs. Therefore, it is critical to be aware of all related terms and their potential interactions with other drugs or substances that may cause harm.